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Условные предложения. Английский язык.
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Тип Условие Следствие Значение
Нулевой тип PresentSimplePresentSimple Нулевой тип
Ifyouwin Если ты побеждаешь,
yougettheprize. ты получаешь приз.
Закономерное следствие.
Первый тип Present Simple Future Simple
If you win you will get the prize. Если ты победишь, ты получишь приз.
Реальное, возможное следствие в будущем.
Второй тип Past Simple Past Simple Would + Inf
If you won you would get the prize. Если бы ты победил (на предстоящих соревнованиях), ты бы получил приз.
Маловероятное или невозможное следствие в будущем.
Третийтип Past Perfect Would have + Past Participle
If you had won, you would have gotten the prize. Если бы ты победил (на прошедших соревнованиях). ты бы получил приз.
Несбывшееся в прошедшем предположение.
Упражнение 1. Вставьте глагол в нужной форме, чтобы образовать условные предложения 0-г, 1-го и 2-го типа.
If he ……….(to push) this button, the volume …. (to increase). If she …. (to close) the door, it …… (to lock) by itself.
If you … (do exercises) every day, you … (become) a champion. ). He … (help) you if you… (ask). If we … (have) enough money, we … (open) a cinema complex next month.
If I … (not help) you, you… (not pass) the exam next week. He … (buy) this bike if you … (give) him a discount. If my brother … (find) his tools, he … (be able) to repair his car.
Упражнение 2. Допишите следующие предложения.
1. He would know French better if …
2. You would leave London if …
3. If you were me, …
4. If you knew the weather forecast, …
5. I would go to the cinema, if …
6. He would lend his my laptop if …
Conditionals 0 and 1
When you ______________ (eat) bad food, your health _______________ (become) worse.
Tom always _______________ (invite) a lot of friends, if he ______________ (have) a birthday party.
Our teacher ____________ (be) happy if we ________________ (answer) all the questions correctly.
When I ____________ (cook) salads, I ___________ (use) only olive oil.
___________ (call) him tonight, if you _______________ (find) his phone number.
Kate _________________ (not pass) the exam, unless she ____________ (work) hard.
He___________________ (not see) her next year, if he _________________ (not fly) to London.
If you ______________ (study) well, you ______________ (find) a good job.
If you ______________ (freeze) water, it ___________ (turn) into ice.
If my friends _______________ (not win), they always ____________ (cry).
Conditionals 0-1-2-3
If they __________________ (work) hard last year, they _________________ (earn) much money. But they didn’t.
Unless you ______________ (go) to bed now, you ___________________ (be) tired in the morning.
If I ___________ (be) you, I ____________________ (not spend) all my pocket money on cosmetics.
If my mum _______________ (see) John, she ________________ (tell) him the news.
I ________________ (no be) late for work last week, if I ____________________ (wake up) earlier.
He ____________________ (lose) weight if he ______________ (stop) eating too much. However, its only imagination.
If you ________________ (freeze) water, it ________________ (turn) to ice.
If he ______________________ (not know) the word, he always ________________ (look) in a dictionary.
I ___________________ (come) for a walk with you next week, if you _____________ (want) me to.
When she _______________ (see) you tomorrow, she _________________ (give) you a book.
Complete the Conditional type 0, 1, 2, 3 sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
If you had worn protective clothing while volcano surfing , you ____________________________ (not hurt) yourself.
When the temperature rises above 0 degrees Celsius, ice _____________________ (melt).
I ______________________________ (travel) around the Europe, if I won a lottery.
If she ________________________ (buy) tickets, we will go to the stadium.
Sam can go out when he ____________________ (finish) his project.
If I _________________ (be) you, I ________________________________ (go) camping.
Unless you ________________________ (wear) protective clothing , you _______________________ (not / can / go) volcano surfing.
They _______________________________ (stay) in a hotel if they __________________________ (have) more money. But they didn’t.
If you ______________________ (not water) plants they _________________ (die).
We __________________________ (have) a great time if we ________________________ (ride) a quard bike.
Тренировочные упражнения.
1.Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на употребление времен в русском и английском языках.
We did not know where our friends went every evening.
We did not know where our friends had gone.
She said that her best friend was a doctor.
She said that her best friend had been a doctor.
I didn’t know that you worked at the Hermitage.
I didn’t know that you had worked at the Hermitage.
I knew that you were ill.
I knew that you had been ill.
We found out that she left home at 8 o’clock every morning.
We found out that she had left home at 8 o’clock that morning.
2. Change the direct speech into reported speech. Переведите в косвенную речь.
Example “I work hard,” Jillian said.
— Jillian said that he worked hard.
“I am planning to go to Kenya,” Sally said.
“I take my little sister to school every day,” little Anthony said.
“You may take my textbook,” Nonna said.
“They are playing in the gym now,” Nick said.
“I don’t like chocolate,” Mary said.
“My sister is ready to go” Helen said.
“My mother usually goes shopping on Saturday,” the girl said.
“The birds build their nests among the trees,” the teacher said.
“I am not married,” Jimmy said.
“I can't read these books. I don’t like them,” Petra said.
3. Put these statements into Reported Speech.
‘I can’t swim very well’, I said.
Andrew said: ’I don’t want to go swimming’.
‘I’ll phone you later’, Sarah said.
Annie said:‘I’m hungry’.
I told him: ‘I don’t like tea’.
Olaf said: ‘My father does a lot of business with England’.
The woman said: ‘I will pay you two pounds’.
She said to Lilian: ‘You can come with me’
He said: ‘I don’t think it will be interesting’.
My friend told me: ‘You can go there for a year’.
She said: ‘Nothing will make me do it’
Mike said: ‘My friend is a painter’.
She said: ‘I am good at painting’.
4. Change the direct speech into reported speech. Переведите в косвенную речь.
А. Example 1: I have already finished the test. - He said he had already finished the test.
We have gone on holiday.
Nelly can’t write; she has cut her finger.
The Ivanovs have travelled to many places.
Sam has already learnt the poem.
My sister has broken my pencil.
My dad has never travelled by plane.
Andrew has lost his keys.
Jill has never slept in a tent.
В. Example 2: The party finished late. — He said (that) the party had finished late.
They lived in a camp when they were on holiday.
My brother got up early this morning.
Li was a famous sportsman.
The couple agreed to meet at six.
Yesterday, I saw Mary in the street.
Sammy arrived by train.
Nicky went home early yesterday.
The kids played tennis in the yard.
С. Example 3: I’ll meet them at school. — He said he would meet them at school.
The match will take place next week.
This work will take little time.
My parents will come at 3.
Mike will do this exercise later.
My friend won’t be able to come.
5. Imagine that you saw your doctor yesterday because you had a bad headache. Tell your partner what questions the doctor asked.
Example: Do you sleep well?
— The doctor asked me if I slept well.
Is anything wrong with you?
Do you sometimes have headaches?
Are you taking any medicine now?
Do you spend much time out- of-doors?
Do you do sports?
Have you a good appetite?
Do you usually go to bed late?
Will you follow my advice?
6. Imagine that a reporter from the local newspaper came to your school yesterday. Report his questions.
Еxample: How long have you studied at this school?
— He asked me how long I had studied at that school.
What do you like about your school?
What school activity did you have last?
What good habits have you formed at school?
What is your favorite subject?
What is more important for you at school?
How often do you go on school trips?
What is your school record?
7. Report the questions.
Example: Are you glad to be back?
— He asked me if I was glad to be back.
How are you?
How long have you been away?
Are you going away again?
What will you do in future?
Why did you come back?
What are you doing now?
Have you made new friends?
Where are you living now?
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